A second is a unit of time. This is a conversion chart for picosecond (Common units). The posttreatment scores were based on the photographs taken 1 month after the fourth and final laser treatment session. They found hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas above the irradiated sample and note that this reaction might be responsible for the gradual loss of carbon in the suspension. The nanosecond profile, whose shape was more like that of a top hat, produced a more uniform surface fluence. Also, the clinical color corresponded to the microscopic particle color. Hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation, textural changes, and scarring were graded as absent, trace present, or present. Routine light microscopic examination showed pretreatment pigment in all cases. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the US Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the US government.  JMFlotte Zelickson The suspensions were visibly lighter after irradiation, and the optical density of the suspensions decreased from 0.1 to 0.06 after both nanosecond and picosecond pulses.  EMotamedi These results, which we describe below . The restriction to black tattoos allowed for a reasonable chance for pigment lightening, given the response of black tattoos to 1064-nm radiation and the low fluences used in the study (vide supra), and easier correlation between clinical responses and in vitro black pigment alterations induced by laser. That is one trillionth, or one millionth of one millionth of a second, or 0.000 000 000 001 seconds. Found inside – Page 434He also proposed light nanosecond (=29.9792 cm) and light picosecond (=about 0.299792 mm). light nanosecond See light microsecond. light picosecond See light microsecond. long weekend See weekend. Lords of the Night The name of a set of ... Month , Conversion Formula. Our results show that picosecond laser pulses are more efficient in clearing cosmetic tattoos than nanosecond domain pulses. Results of our study suggest that intrinsic optical property changes, rather than particle fragmentation, are responsible for india ink tattoo clearing, and that these temperature-induced changes occur with lower fluence thresholds with shorter laser pulses. picosecond to microsecond (µs) All Rights Reserved. 1000000 Microsecond (µs) Visit Microsecond to Second Conversion. Conclusions  Kilmer Instant free online tool for microsecond to second conversion or vice versa. microsecond to second (μs—s) measurement units conversion. The formula used in picoseconds to femtoseconds conversion is 1 Picosecond = 1000 Femtosecond. In other words, 1 picosecond is 1000 times bigger than a femtosecond. Some tattoos are clinically resistant to all laser therapies despite the predicted high particle temperatures achieved through selective photothermolysis. In the remainder of tattoos, there was only slight or no clearing with either pulse duration (Table 1). 1 microsecond = 1000 nanosecond. Q-SWITCHED LASERS have revolutionized the treatment of tattoos. Another challenge with picosecond pulses is optical breakdown (plasma production), which typically occurs with power densities greater than 109to 1011 W/cm2,11 so that plasma threshold is reached even with our low-energy picosecond pulses. Year (Julian) , Second : The second (symbol: s) is the base unit of time in the International System of Units (SI), it is also the base unit of time in the centimeter-gram-second systems. The in vitro optical density decreased after irradiation of ink in the cuvettes. For all treatment sites, the patients underwent 4 treatments in the described manner at 3- to 4-week intervals. The suspensions were irradiated with picosecond and nanosecond pulses with the same parameters as in the human tattoos. Hour (sidereal) , A black surface was placed at the object distance in front of the articulated arm.

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